Unified Micromobility Standards Will Create Smarter Transportation in Europe
As micromobility options like e-scooters and other personal mobility devices (PMDs) gain traction across Europe, the regulatory landscape remains fragmented.
While the UK edges closer to formalising legislation for these modern transport solutions, the European Union grapples with the challenge of standardising rules across its member states.
A recent study conducted by TRL, in collaboration with fka, and commissioned by the European Commission, highlights the pressing need for harmonised regulations to unlock the potential of PMDs while ensuring user safety.
The report, titled Study on the Need for Harmonised Rules to Support the Rise of Micromobility and Increased Road Safety for Personal Mobility Devices, presents a well-defined roadmap for creating a unified framework.
Key Recommendations from the TRL Report
The study outlines a series of actionable recommendations aimed at fostering innovation while maintaining strict safety standards:
1. Introducing a Dedicated PMD Vehicle Category
- Establish a distinct category for PMDs, separate from the L-category for motor vehicles.
- Define PMDs by safety-critical factors such as a maximum speed of 25 km/h and a maximum laden weight of 250 kg.
2. Future-Proofing Through Flexible Classifications
- Avoid rigid classification systems that could stifle innovation.
- Implement a universal approval mechanism to streamline the acceptance of new PMD designs across the EU.
3. Performance-Based Standards
- Shift away from feature-based evaluations and instead focus on safety performance metrics.
- Replace outdated power limits with a maximum acceleration threshold of 2 m/s² under all load conditions.
4. Enhanced Technical Requirements
- Develop detailed standards for critical areas like structural integrity, battery safety, and anti-tampering measures.
- Build on existing benchmarks such as EN 17128 and 15194 for comprehensive coverage.
The Ripple Effects of Harmonisation
A unified regulatory framework for micromobility promises substantial benefits for stakeholders across the spectrum:
- Manufacturers: Simplified production processes with a single design meeting EU-wide standards, reducing costs and encouraging innovation.
- Distributors: Streamlined importation and sales processes, fostering market growth.
- Rental Operators: Reduced operational overheads through consistent fleet standards.
- Law Enforcement: Clearer metrics for assessing compliance, both on the roads and at borders.
- National Authorities: Alleviated regulatory burdens through an EU-wide framework.
- Consumers and Users: Improved safety standards and higher confidence in product reliability.
Dr Ianto Guy, Vehicle Safety Engineer at TRL and lead author of the report, emphasised: “The safety of micromobility devices is paramount. The clear winners from this approach are ultimately the users (along with other road users), who benefit from all PMDs having a baseline level of road safety. The market is currently fragmented, and the range in quality of designs is substantial. Our proposed PMD framework serves not only to simplify the approvals process for a broad range of personal mobility devices but also to support improved quality, safety and consumer confidence in the products coming to market.”
A Path Towards Sustainability
The implications of harmonised regulations stretch beyond safety. They play a crucial role in shaping sustainable urban mobility solutions. Dr George Beard, Head of New Mobility at TRL and co-author of the report, note:, “To combat climate change, we need to generate massive shifts in behaviour, and providing compelling alternatives to the car is crucial. Micromobility as a broad vehicle category has tremendous potential to transform the way we move people and goods, but we need the right underlying regulatory framework in place to support adoption of these products and ensure safety for users. Our proposal aims to achieve this balance.”
By encouraging safer adoption of PMDs, the recommendations align closely with Europe’s broader sustainability goals. Offering convenient, affordable, and eco-friendly alternatives to cars can significantly reduce congestion and emissions in urban areas.
Overcoming Challenges to Achieve Harmonisation
While the report lays out a comprehensive framework, implementing it across all member states is no small feat. Diverse national priorities and varying levels of infrastructure development pose significant challenges. However, the potential rewards make it an endeavour worth pursuing.
For example, the creation of a universal approval system could accelerate the rollout of innovative PMDs, enabling manufacturers to focus resources on developing cutting-edge technologies rather than navigating complex regulations. Similarly, establishing performance-based standards ensures that user safety remains at the forefront without stifling creative engineering.
Looking Beyond Europe
The framework proposed by TRL could serve as a model for other regions worldwide. Countries grappling with inconsistent or outdated regulations might find inspiration in the EU’s approach. By prioritising safety and innovation, Europe has the opportunity to lead the global micromobility revolution.
The report also underscores the importance of collaboration. By fostering partnerships between policymakers, industry leaders, and safety experts, the road to harmonisation becomes far more achievable.
A Bright Future for Micromobility
The path to harmonised micromobility regulations across Europe is undoubtedly a complex one, but the rewards are well worth the effort. Safer roads, innovative designs, and sustainable transport solutions are just the beginning.
As the recommendations from the TRL study gain traction, the vision of a unified, safer, and more sustainable micromobility landscape inches closer to reality. The journey may take time, but the destination promises a transformative impact not just for Europe but for the world.
